英語狀語從句包括表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、目的等各種從句。
一、時間狀語從句
1. 譯成相應(yīng)的時間狀語
1) 與原文順序一致
While she spoke, the tears were running down.
她說話時，淚水直流。
2) 后置改前置
Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
離屋時請關(guān)燈。
2. 譯成“剛（一）……就……”的句式：
When I reached the beach, I collapsed.
我一游到海灘，就昏倒了。
3. 譯成并列的分句：
1) 譯文前置
They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.
他還沒有交贖金，他們就把他釋放了。
2) 后置不變
I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.
我正想講，史密斯先生就插嘴了。
二、原因狀語從句
1. 譯成表“因”的分句：
1) “因”在“果”之前
The crops failed because the season was dry.
因為氣候干旱，作物歉收。
2) “果”在“因”之前
She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.
她能渡過任何風(fēng)險，因為她看上去簡直還像娃娃模樣。
2. 譯成因果偏正復(fù)句中的主句：
Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.
純鐵太軟，所以不用在工業(yè)上。
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.
他深信這件事正確可靠，因此堅持己見。
3. 譯成無關(guān)聯(lián)詞的因果關(guān)系并列分句：
Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.
哪里有聲音，哪里就必有聲波。
After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free.
反正關(guān)系不大，24小時以后他們就自由了。
三、表示條件的狀語從句
1. 譯成表示條件的分句，漢語一般前置：
When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed.
如果這一問題得到解決，就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。
2. 譯成表示“假設(shè)”的分句，一般前置：
If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.
如果其中一個人垮了，這種事常在他們中間發(fā)生，向?qū)Ь鸵持^山，
3. 譯成補(bǔ)充說明情況的分句，一般后置：
You can drive tonight if you are ready.
你今晚就可以出車，如果你愿意的話。
四、表示讓步的狀語從句
1. 譯成表示“讓步”的分句，一般前置：
While this is true of some, it is not true of all.
雖有部分如此，但不見得全部如此。
I still think that you made a mistake while l admit what you say.
就算你說得對，我仍認(rèn)為你做錯了。
2. 譯成表示“無條件”的條件分句，一般前置：
Plugged into the intercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the rest of the crew no matter what noise is going on about him.
不管周圍是多么喧鬧，插頭一接上機(jī)內(nèi)通話系統(tǒng)，他就能和同機(jī)其余的人通話。
五、表示目的的狀語從句
1. 譯成表示“目的”的前置分句，常用“為了”等引導(dǎo)：
They stepped into a helicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird's eye view of the city 。
為了對這個城市作一鳥瞰，他們跨進(jìn)直升機(jī)，凌空飛行。
2. 譯成表示“目的”的后置分句，常用“省（免）得”、“以免”、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等引導(dǎo)：
The murderer ran away as fast as he could so that he might not be caught.
兇手盡快地跑開，以免被人抓住。
